{"id":346,"date":"2022-08-12T05:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-12T03:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/?p=346"},"modified":"2022-08-14T23:25:41","modified_gmt":"2022-08-14T21:25:41","slug":"afganistan-po-roku-od-prevzatia-vlady-talibanom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/2022\/08\/12\/afganistan-po-roku-od-prevzatia-vlady-talibanom\/","title":{"rendered":"Afganistan po roku od prevzatia vl\u00e1dy Talibanom"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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2022 – V t\u00fdchto d\u0148och si pripom\u00edname udalosti zo d\u0148a 15. augusta 2021, kedy Taliban prevzal vl\u00e1du v Afganistane. Len zop\u00e1r dn\u00ed po od odchode americk\u00fdch vojakov z \u00fazemia Afganistanu ve\u013ekou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou za\u010dala obsadzova\u0165 jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dasti krajiny radik\u00e1lna n\u00e1bo\u017eensko-politick\u00e1 skupina, Taliban. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u013dudia z obavy o svoj \u017eivot, ale aj o \u017eivot svojich bl\u00edzkych, sa hromadne pok\u00fa\u0161ali o \u00fatek z krajiny. Do evaku\u00e1cie obyvate\u013eov sa zapojili mnoh\u00e9 krajiny. Medzi nimi aj mimovl\u00e1dna organiz\u00e1cie Slovensk\u00e1 Humanitn\u00e1 Rada. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre\u010do \u013eud\u00ed utiekali z Afganistanu v roku 2021?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Afganistan je krajina pozna\u010den\u00e1 vojnov\u00fdmi konfliktmi, ktor\u00e9 sa tam \u0165ahaj\u00fa u\u017e desa\u0165ro\u010dia. Nepokoje v krajine sa stali podhub\u00edm pre vznik militantnej skupiny, Taliban. Skupina m\u00e1 za cie\u013e \u201cnastoli\u0165\u201d poriadok zav\u00e1dzan\u00edm  islamsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va a jeho radik\u00e1lnym dodr\u017eiavan\u00edm prostredn\u00edctvom islamsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona \u0161ar\u00eda, ktor\u00fd v\u00fdrazne obmedzuje z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u013eudsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1va, pr\u00e1va \u017eien a nesl\u00e1vne sa presl\u00e1vilo trestn\u00fdm pr\u00e1vom a s n\u00edm spojen\u00fdmi nekompromisn\u00fdmi trestami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taliban po 1.kr\u00e1t ovl\u00e1dol krajinu v septembri 1996. \u017deny nemohli vych\u00e1dza\u0165 na ulicu bez sprievodu mu\u017ea, bolo im zamedzen\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie, nemohli pracova\u0165. Mu\u017ei mali povinnos\u0165 necha\u0165 si nar\u00e1s\u0165 bradu. Boli zav\u00e1dzan\u00e9 krut\u00e9 tresty ako bi\u010dovanie, odsek\u00e1vanie kon\u010dat\u00edn (napr.za kr\u00e1de\u017e), \u010di verejn\u00e9 popravy.[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Situ\u00e1cia sa zmenila v septembri 2001 po teroristickom \u00fatoku na Dvoji\u010dky. Re\u017eim hnutia Taliban poskytoval \u00fato\u010disko \u010dlenom teroristickej skupiny al-K\u00e1ida, ktor\u00fdch odmietol vyda\u0165 USA. O mesiac nesk\u00f4r USA zah\u00e1jilo vojnu proti terorizmu v Afganistane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V obdob\u00ed pr\u00edtomnosti americk\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch jednotiek v Afganistane bola snaha o demokratiz\u00e1ciu krajiny. Uvo\u013e\u0148ovali sa pravidl\u00e1 obmedzuj\u00face \u013eudsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1va, bola zostaven\u00e1 Afgansk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da, uskuto\u010dnili sa taktie\u017e demokratick\u00e9 vo\u013eby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zmena re\u017eimu v auguste 2021<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

K \u010fal\u0161ej radik\u00e1lnej zmene, ktor\u00e1 mala celosvetov\u00fd dopad, do\u0161lo v roku 2021. Po 20 rokoch americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 jednotky opustili \u00fazemie Afganistanu a Taliban bez v\u00fdraznej\u0161ieho odporu afgansk\u00fdch vojsk obrovskou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou obsadzoval \u00fazemia krajiny. 15.augusta 2021 hnutie obsadilo hlavn\u00e9 mesto K\u00e1bul a tak z\u00edskalo moc nad celou krajinou, \u010do v\u0161ak vyvolalo paniku medzi Afgancami, ktor\u00ed sa masovo pok\u00fa\u0161ali o \u00fatek z krajiny.[2]<\/sup><\/a> D\u00f4vodom bol strach zo znovunastolenia repres\u00edvnej a totalitnej vl\u00e1dy z rokov 1996-2001. Jednotliv\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty vr\u00e1tane Slovenska, okam\u017eite za\u010dali evakuova\u0165 svojich ob\u010danov a poskytovali azyl Afgancom, ktor\u00ed na ne mali priame v\u00e4zby.[3]<\/sup><\/a> \u013dudia spolupracuj\u00faci s predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facou vl\u00e1dou sa spolu so svojimi pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi ocitli v ohrozen\u00ed \u017eivota.[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taliban pri moci<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taliban pri op\u00e4tovnom prevzat\u00ed moci dal s\u013eub, \u017ee bude miernej\u0161\u00ed ako za predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich 5 rokov vl\u00e1dy, pracuj\u00facim s predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facou vl\u00e1dou ni\u010d nehroz\u00ed, taktie\u017e, \u017ee nebude \u00fato\u010di\u0161\u0165om pre teroristick\u00e9 skupiny, nebude siaha\u0165 na pr\u00e1va \u017eien, umo\u017en\u00ed im \u0161tudova\u0165, aj pracova\u0165. Rok vl\u00e1dy Talibanu ukazuje, \u017ee v\u0161eobecn\u00fd skepticizmus \u010di vo\u010di s\u013eubom Talibanu, \u010di obavy z ich nedodr\u017eania, boli do istej miery opr\u00e1vnen\u00fd.[5]<\/sup><\/a> Op\u00e4tovne bol zaveden\u00fd z\u00e1kaz po\u010d\u00favania inej hudby ako n\u00e1bo\u017eenskej a z\u00e1kaz z\u00e1bavy.[6]<\/sup><\/a> Nedodr\u017eanie je pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za har\u00e1m, \u010di\u017ee spr\u00e1vanie, ktor\u00e9 je v rozpore s islamsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vom a podlieha najtvrd\u0161\u00edm trestom. \u017deny musia chodi\u0165 zahalen\u00e9 a cestova\u0165 len v sprievode mu\u017ea, taktie\u017e nav\u0161tevova\u0165 \u0161kolu je mo\u017en\u00e9 iba tajne[7]<\/sup><\/a>. \u0160t\u00e1tna spr\u00e1va zamestn\u00e1va iba mu\u017eov s bradou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Mimoriadna chudoba<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Represie nie s\u00fa jedin\u00fdm aspektom, ktor\u00fd s\u0165a\u017euje \u017eivot Afg\u00e1ncov. V krajine sa opakuj\u00fa atent\u00e1ty, ku ktor\u00fdm sa hl\u00e1si teroristick\u00e1 skupina IS. Patria sem atent\u00e1ty vykonan\u00e9 v me\u0161ite, \u010di na trhovisku v K\u00e1bule, n\u00e1bo\u017eenskej \u0161kole v severnom Afganistane a mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taliban \u010delil taktie\u017e aj \u00fatokom pakistanskej arm\u00e1dy skr\u00fdvaj\u00facej sa na \u00fazem\u00ed Afganistanu a u\u017e aj tak \u0165a\u017ek\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu skomplikovalo ni\u010div\u00e9 zemetrasenie na Afgantsko-Pakistansk\u00fdch hraniciach, ktor\u00e9 malo ni\u010div\u00e9 d\u00f4sledky. V celej krajine je mimoriadna chudoba. \u013dudia \u017eij\u00fa permanentnej v neistote, nemaj\u00fa zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00e9 potreby a mnoh\u00ed z nich s\u00fa odk\u00e1zan\u00ed na humanit\u00e1rnu pomoc, ktor\u00e1 sa dost\u00e1va preva\u017ene iba do miest, a to iba v obmedzenej miere.[8]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Slovensko evakuovalo na konci augusta 2021 z letiska v K\u00e1bule v r\u00e1mci dvoch evakua\u010dn\u00fdch misii spolu 46 \u0161t\u00e1tnych pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkov Afganistanu. Z tohto po\u010dtu po\u017eiadalo o udelenie azylu 32 os\u00f4b. Do SR bolo tie\u017e 25.8.2021 prevezen\u00fdch \u0161peci\u00e1lom Ministerstva obrany SR 12 \u0161t\u00e1tnych pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkov Afganistanu z Kyjeva. Osoby z tejto skupiny tie\u017e po\u017eiadali o udelenie azylu.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slovensk\u00e1 Humanitn\u00e1 Rada zaevidovala 252 os\u00f4b. Po\u010det os\u00f4b, ktor\u00e9 sa podarilo z na\u0161ich zoznamov evakuova\u0165 – 12. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

bol pripraven\u00fd a spracovan\u00fd: Krist\u00edna \u0160vr\u010dkov\u00e1, sta\u017eistka projektu RIFUGIO. S ve\u013ek\u00fdm po\u010fakovan\u00edm Krist\u00edne od SHR!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ta3.com\/clanok\/212870\/taliban-obnovuje-popravy-a-amputacie-ludom-by-ich-mohol-povolit-nakrucat-a-sirit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/spravy.pravda.sk\/svet\/clanok\/598195-chaos-na-kabulskom-letisku-pokracuje\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/spravy.pravda.sk\/svet\/clanok\/598195-chaos-na-kabulskom-letisku-pokracuje\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ta3.com\/clanok\/210043\/nespi-ma-strach-zena-opisala-ake-narocne-je-zachranit-vlastnu-rodinu-z-afganistanu<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dennikn.sk\/2956485\/afganistan-rok-po-prevrate-talibanu-dievcata-vylucili-zo-skol-a-ludia-v-nudzi-predavaju-deti\/?ref=mwat<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/video.sme.sk\/c\/22963822\/cestovatel-navratil-taliban-v-afganistane-zakazal-aj-hudbu-je-to-velmi-smutny-pohlad.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-61470748<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/video.sme.sk\/c\/22963822\/cestovatel-navratil-taliban-v-afganistane-zakazal-aj-hudbu-je-to-velmi-smutny-pohlad.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dennikn.sk\/minuta\/tema\/6997\/afganistan<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-61508072<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2022 – V t\u00fdchto d\u0148och si pripom\u00edname udalosti zo d\u0148a 15. augusta 2021, kedy Taliban prevzal vl\u00e1du v Afganistane. Len zop\u00e1r dn\u00ed po od odchode americk\u00fdch vojakov z \u00fazemia Afganistanu ve\u013ekou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou za\u010dala obsadzova\u0165 jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dasti krajiny radik\u00e1lna n\u00e1bo\u017eensko-politick\u00e1 skupina, Taliban.  \u013dudia z obavy o svoj \u017eivot, ale aj o \u017eivot svojich bl\u00edzkych, sa hromadne … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":366,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=346"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":368,"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346\/revisions\/368"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/366"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nasiutecenci.sk\/rifugio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}